STS Class Notes objectivity and how to read

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MT: Seems like Blanchette is particularly looking at agency and how the audience can perhaps shape the definition of

By removing agency from the players in the book, might be removing agency by the audience

 

Exposure that’s what Gleick is doing, just like

MT: Academic writing is expected so ppl can skim!

 

291B Week 10 Class Notes

 

what phenomena are drawn out in the text

“transversal approach to idea evolution”

tracing the idea, rather than

information as historical phenomenon

pre- and post-Shannon split

subjective to measurable

nature of information linked to code and meaning

 

Bateson – double binds; conflicting; schizophrenia is the appropriate response to this; damned if you do, damned if you don’t

 

Structural contradictions in MP3? Commercial versus engineering concerns

(i.e., inside Sony)

MT: these are the tensions I identified

User tension

Standardization

Legal (piracy)

Why did sterne highlight

 

MT:

Because he’s showing how the format evolved – why it ended up one way or another

Different conceptions of the ideal – like the atlases

 

Just like objectivity

Mechanical versus natural

Ideal versus variability and realistic

Empirical observations in the self schizophrenic tension because have to deny your subjectivity

Embedded in structures that are not necessarily in line with each other

Levels of complexity in individual agency

Action nis always compromised

Speech is always compromised (in psych)

Double binds are contradictions in agency

Point is to elevate a certain kind of complexity

 

Humanities participatory observation, grounded theory, ethnography

Comment of the methodology

 

MT: collectively embedded in a way of thinking about information

 

 

Cybernetics: cognitive tension provided an analytical frame for dealing with the mind

 

Shannon’s work at Bell Labs versus his classified work for the government

Culture of Bell Labs should be a model for how all research should be done: private, but no sense of practical application

Shannon warned against extrapolation of information theory beyond his very specific meaning

 

 

Different approaches to African drums and Ada Lovelace – identifying moments of exposure to see systems and structures in a way you wouldn’t normally

What kind of theoretical idea of agency is drawn out by elevating the complexity of technology?

The other side is how structural contradictions lead to different technologies

Why does it matter? Why does is matter that it’s weakly drawn out in this book?

In popular audience, you’re not defending against critical positions

 

 

 

How can it circulate?

 

Who is the text written for?  How are arguments and evident in the text shaped to address particular audiences?

 

The text is written for the general public, as well as academics. There are very relatable examples of experiences that cut through a lot of technical detail to drive points home. However, the details are available for the scholar who wishes to delve deeper.

Examples such as this make the content particularly digestible, as most readers 1) know what communication, skyscrapers, telegraphs, and couriers are, and 2) have never thought about a correlation between communication and skyscrapers. It is an example that demonstrates the physical consequences of communications technology—today and from the beginning of time—in an extremely memorable and relatable way.

 

What all audiences can you imagine for the text, given its empirical and conceptual scope?

 

Barnes & Noble sales rank: Sales Rank: 129,478

What does this mean? Barnes & Noble.com ranks books daily based on rolling six months of sales data. Sales ranking will change as new books are added to the database. If there are no sales during a particular amount of time, or if other titles have more sales, a title can lose its ranking.
Amazon sales rank: Amazon.com Sales Rank: 11,418

While the Amazon Best Sellers list is a good indicator of how well a product is selling overall, it doesn't always indicate how well an item is selling among other similar items. Category and subcategory best seller lists were created to highlight an item's rank in the categories or subcategories where it really stands out.

 

We choose a few of the most popular subcategories in which the item has a high ranking in relation to other items in that subcategory, and showcase the item's rank on the product page. As with the main Amazon Best Sellers list, these category rankings are based on Amazon.com sales and are updated hourly.

 

#1 bestseller in LIS (before Chicago manual of style)

Top 100 in Books

Hardcover: Amazon Best Books of the Month, March 2011:

 

 

 

Why will this book be recommend or taught?  What kinds of courses, and at what level, would it be an appropriate text?

Yes, the book is being taught, particularly as an overview or background text. I would be interested to know how it is being used in other departments. It’s being taught in the following departments:

 

  1. Information studies
  2. Information science
  3. english
  4. education
  5. media studiers
  6. media arts
  7. digital humanities
  8. history
  9. library science

10. information technology

11. STS

12. Computers and computing/computer applications

13. Architecture/Architecture, Design, and Planning

14. History

15. Journalism

16. Communication theory

17. Economics

18. Feminist, Gender, and Queer Theory

19. Photo Communications and Art

20. Sociology

 

 

 

 

 

Academic criteria for distinguishing whether something is academic

 

Would you cite it as an authoritative source?

Publisher/peer review?

Credentials of the author

Situating the book within a discipline

Is it taught?

Assigned in academic curricula

Based on academic conventions

Explicit framework for the text

Methodology, theory, reflexivity

Academic language; can storytelling be academic? MT: yes! I don’t think these things are “extraneous to the argument”

Expectation of precision

Manner of marketing

Original contribution to knowledge means must be situated in a discipline

 

MT: one reasons why academics are writing books that seem to hover on the border of popular is that information access has increased for the public audience

 

JFB: I;m wonderin gif this is a productive discussion in the first place

 

Javier: Why did you choose this book for the class?

JFB: Because he hates the book

MT: because he is only capable of reading explicit research style

MT: the fact that information theory is highlighted in popular culture becaome part of the history and artifacts of information theory!

 

JFB: every fiber of my being is “revulted”

The theoretical background of the book is vile and makes a great disservice to everyone

Presents a story of scientific development that goes against everything I know

Not something that I actually believe in

What I’m highlighting here is that I’m not trying to discount the book because it is popular

MT: this is a failure to evolve based on the changing world

 

JFB: mastering the form has it’s bad pathologies

Morgan: did you find inaccuracies in the text?

JFB: these things become origin stories; I can show you tons of histories of information that are more illuminating

MT: if it must be restricted to the language of a discipline, then it can’t be transdisciplinary

JFB: not taking care to account a lot of material we’ve read

MT: could a prologue simply for academics solve some of these problems?

 

 

JFB: I have a series of answers, but I’d like to hear from you

 

 

Stacey: objectivity dictates possibilities – what is isn’t truth, valuable knowledge, foundations for action. Creates boundaries around what is possible for ppl to do and think given contingencies, power, social relationships

Objectivity points to actual shift in images, argues that the framework in the book can help scientists currently make changes, organize socially blueprint for scientists to understand their discipline right now

Engineers being involved in the production

Making a claim tht it matters for scientists fro how they think about their own practice

Choices that

Epistemology within the scientific community

What does that do in terms of information

 

Javier: information Makes u want to read the sources

 

Roderic: Information doesn’t allow us to critique, whereas objectivity provides an ingress

JFB: “Learning to discuss these concepts – learning how to disagree, how to have discussions” (but he is completely closed to other opinions)

What will be your sts theoretical framework

Pull out the important elements from the books and then use it as applied to your process

Anything you write has to have an argument

Has to be sthg you’re arguing—make a pointintro, evidence, conclude

Follow the convention of academia

Doesn’t care abt citation style as long as you cite

Avoid formulation like I think I feel

Want to see evidence that you can use it

Like a suit and tie

Expectation of form

Synthetic – shorter is harder

3000-5000 words

aim for 15 pages

30 pages will annoy me

synthesize the material into the specific question

where does sci and technology play a role

identify

demonstrate that you’ve mastered some of the theories, that you can apply them, and how you would leverage them into your topic

expectation of substance and form

spell check

make extra effort to make it pleasant to read

use a hook

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MT: why simply don’t agree on the validity of different types of books to inform

 

 

What new knowledge does this text put into circulation?  What does this text have to say that otherwise is not obvious?

 

How generalizable is the main argument?  How does this text lay the groundwork for further research?

 

What kind of “action” is suggested by the main argument of the text imply?